Marketing Campaign Analysis Marking Guide Essay - 2414 Words

Marketing Campaign Analysis Marking Guide Course number: CB206 Student name: ___ Chien yun,Lo (Lucy) _____________________________ Lecturer: Julie McGowan________________________________ Possible mark Your mark Introduction †¢ The product or service. †¢ The organisation that provides the product or service, including any mission statements, visions or goals. †¢ The industry and the markets that the organisation operates in. †¢ The form of marketing media that is used 10 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2 2 1.5 1.5 Segmentation †¢ The different aspects of segmentation and the effects †¢ Target market has been identified †¢ Positioning strategy method is defined including reasons 25 10 5 10 7 0 6 Findings Discusses: †¢ Student demonstrates depth of understanding of topic including understanding of marketing theories Product †¢ A description of the products. †¢ Distinct advantages †¢ Strategies and objectives Pricing †¢ Briefly describe the pricing structure that is used with this product and explain the benefits of this method. †¢ Strategies and objectives †¢ Place/Distribution †¢ The channel of distribution †¢ The strategies used †¢ Any different methods of distribution that could be used 40 10 10 10 10 6 7 6.5 6.5 Promotion †¢ Describe the different methods of promotion that is currently being used and then choose one that is different. †¢ Develop a new promotion †¢ Describe the strategies and objectives that the â€Å"new† promotion is trying to achieve. †¢ CreativeShow MoreRelatedMarketing1124 Words   |  5 PagesBUSINESS SCHOOL DIVISION OF MARKETING AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP MODULE: MKTM026 International Marketing Communications 2013 ------------------------------------------------- Module Code | Level | Credit Value | Leader | MKTM026 | M | 20 | Dr Kathleen MortimerKathleen.mortimer@northampton.ac.uk | Resit Assignment Brief Date set w/c 11/02/2013 ------------------------------------------------- Hand-in date 28th March 2013 Title International Marketing Communications Plan Objectives Read MoreProposal For Selling Home Proposal1425 Words   |  6 Pageswill provide significant business strength capabilities and unmatched marketing advantages to work provide a real estate experience that is one of effective, efficient and stress-free proportions. I have developed a sale plan that provides my customers with a quick, smart and effective selling experience. My goal here today and over the course of your real estate experience is to create an explosive and aggressive marketing campaign that draws as much exposure as physically possible within the firstRead MoreMarketing Plan For A Marketing Strategy1205 Words   |  5 Pages Any company, of any size that is successful in marketing always starts with a marketing plan. Large companies have plans with hundreds of pages; while small companies can get by with a half-dozen sheets. You should at the very least refer to it quarterly, but better yet monthly. By adding monthly reports on sales/manufacturing; this will allow you to track performance as you follow the plan. Any marketing plan begins with an assessment of your company’s current situation. This should include theRead MoreMK389 Assignment 2015 Upd Essay2652 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿Ã¢â‚¬Ëœ.~ Module Code: MK0389 Module Title: Global Marketing and Communication Distributed on: Week 1 Hand in Date: TBC Instructions on Assessment: The assessment is in two parts: Group seminar presentations contribute to 30% of the overall mark The individual assignment contributes to 70% of the overall mark Seminar activities (30%) Students will work in small groups within their seminar and make two assessed presentations on their chosen global brand. Further information on the seminar activitiesRead MoreAssigment Essay8327 Words   |  34 PagesAssessment Materials BSBMKG515A Conduct a Marketing Audit To achieve competency in this unit you must complete the following assessment items. All tasks must be submitted together. Tick the boxes to show that each task is attached. ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · Task 1. Marketing Plan Review Task 2. Conduct a Marketing Audit Task 3. Knowledge Test If this is a group assignment each member of your group must complete a separate cover sheet and submit it with their own copy of this assignment. Before submitting your workRead Moreselling and sales management Essay2442 Words   |  10 Pagessales function to judge its effectiveness about: - How well it fits into marketing and other parts of an organization; intelligence gathering is included within this function. - How well it knows how consumers and organizations behave when buying goods and services. - How well it knows and develops skills for two sales techniques such personal selling, key account management, relationship selling, direct marketing and Internet and IT applications in selling and sales management; negotiationRead MoreMarketing Plan For A Business Manager1991 Words   |  8 Pagesinternational location. As a MBA student in General Management my goal is to influence others to be confident in their abilities when comes to managing a business. In this course I learned that marketing can be used as strategic way to increase ones a profits and values of their company’s product and service. Marketing is a primarily a value communicator, rather than a value creator, deliverer or manager. When a Company is selling footwear and other sporting accessories there’s a strategy thatRead MoreProject Report on Consumer Behaviour and Satisfaction on Asian Paints10217 Words   |  41 PagesExecutive summary This project was done at â€Å"Asian paints ltd, Bangalore† gaining an in depth knowledge of marketing analysis of consumer behavior and satisfaction. Marketing is the widest term and can not be learnt in few days or years, many of the organizations before appointing the sales executives, check the ability of the candidates who are capable to sell the products/services, but still many of organizations fail in following their sales and loose grip on the market. If at allRead MoreQ Mobile in Bangladesh5071 Words   |  21 Pagescell phone increasing social communication 8 PESTLE Analysis 9 Political 9 Economy 9 Barriers to entry 9 Social 9 Technological Factors 10 Legal 10 Common Law System 10 Tax System 11 Intellectual Property Rights 11 International Obligations 11 Legislation 11 Environment Laws 11 Legal requirements for mobile sets 12 SWOT Analysis: 13 Strength: 13 Weakness: 14 Opportunities: 14 Threats: 14 Target Marketing Segmentation: 15 Marketing strategy: 16 Product 16 Price: 16 Place: 17 PromotionalRead MoreMarketing Principles3139 Words   |  13 PagesREGENT COLLEGE BTEC Higher National Certificate in Business Assignment Brief Unit Number: Unit Title: 4 Marketing Principles BTEC Higher National Diploma in Business Unit 4: Marketing Principles Assignment Cover Sheet Assignment No: ............................................. I hereby confirm that this assignment is my own work. I have identified and acknowledged all sources used in this assignment and have referenced according to the Harvard Referencing system. I have read

My Writing A New Doll House - 982 Words

Normally in family gatherings, birthday parties, and Christmas mornings as a child you always hoped and behaved all year long the most incredible gifts. Even though then I didn’t understand why my Uncle would give me school supplies and books every year until I entered middle school I would always say thank you and secretly be just as content with my bag of excessive amounts of pencils, markers, and a year supply a paperclips. I remember always looking forward to the books my uncle Robert would place in every year without fail. Even though I would have wanted a new doll house or new purse for my never ending collection. It was that one Christmas morning that introduced me to a new interest that as a child then I had no idea it was going to help me decide what I choose as my career path today. This memory is so present in my thoughts not only because I was reading a new book (Three Little Kittens, by Paul Galdone) and it was new to my eyes and mind. I was five years old and I clearly recall mentioning to my mom that I was going to challenge myself to write the story on my paper with the cursive font my eldest sister had showed me days before that she was trying to master herself in school. It mesmerized me as a kid to learn from what my sister was learning six years of material I had to learn eventually as I got older. That determination led me to read any book diligently and with complete fascination and comprehension. It was such an amazing experience then and as I gotShow MoreRelatedRealism in A Dolls House Essay examples1264 Words   |  6 Pages`naked drama that Ibsen, known as the father of Modern Realism wrote his realistic plays in an accurate representation of real people in real trouble. His influence on dramatic writing was revolutionary. Henrik Ibsen was 52 when The Dolls House was published in 1879. Prior to the writing of the Dolls House, Ibsen spent many years working in the theatre which had the greatest effect on Ibsens craftsmanship. With the exception of Shakespeare and Moliere, no other playwright of modernRead MoreWomen s Rights By Henrik Ibsen1481 Words   |  6 Pagesroles. After years of playing the role of a superficial doll, Nora converts into an assertive and determined woman. The true cause of Nora s transformation starts with a revolution within her. Ibsen dramatizes Nora s discovery of identity by means of various literary techniques. By the finale of the play, Nora has survived a deconstruction of a false sense of identity, by being a â€Å"doll†, and experiences an equally painful emergence of a new being, one barren of the social pressures and expectationsRead MoreA Dolls House And A Dolls House Essay1421 Words   |  6 Pages Henrik Ibsen one of his most famous literature works â€Å"A doll’s house† and Kate Chopin’s short story â€Å"The story of an hour† portrays to the Victorian era, when women didn’t have rights. Both authors were born in an era where women didn’t have rights, and that women faced many aspects in life, such as being submissive to their husband’s, they were viewed as possessions than as people, and live a life that they didn’t want to live during the Victorian age. Even though Ibsen did not live the life ofRead MoreHenrik Ibsen s A Doll s House1074 Words   |  5 Pageswhere he opposed the accepted traditions of the nineteenth century. Some of his most famous plays on society versus women were A Doll’s House, Hedda Gabler, and Pillars of Society. Ibsen supported women and feminism, contrary to societal norms by creating strong women in the forms of Nora Helmer, Hedda Tesman, and Lona Hessel from his plays. In A Doll’s House, Ibsen introduces the main character, Nora Helmer, as an independent woman in order to present his view on society’s belief of how women shouldRead MoreDolls House996 Words   |  4 Pagesfemales; its about humans living as one. In Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House, humanism is shown through every single word and every single detail. A Doll’s House centers on humanism because it demonstrates the search for identity, living up to societal standards, and believing that men and women are equal. Throughout the entire play, each character searches for their true identity. First by her father then by Torvald, Nora is treated like a doll her entire life. She does not know how to live any other wayRead MoreA Feminist Literary Stance, Roles of Women in Henrik Ibsen’s Play A Doll’s House and George Eliot’s Novel Middlemarch1546 Words   |  7 PagesDoll’s House George Eliot’s novel Middlemarch Henrik Ibsen’s A Doll’s House and George Eliot’s Middlemarch are based on events from their personal experiences. The events that lead Ibsen to feel the need to write A Doll’s House makes his approach on the feminist stance a bit more unusual from other writers. Ibsen shows his realist style through modern views and tones that are acted out by the characters in this infamous story. In the viewers’ eyes, it is the women in A Doll’s House that makesRead Morea dolls house1153 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ A Doll’s House South University Ibsen’s a doll house centers around a time where men worked and women were the care givers of the home. In a Doll’s House there were some major points made that eventually led up to that one defining moment. The defining moment for me was when Nora decided that she no longer wants to live the lifestyle of being the â€Å"doll†. It starts with Torvalds reading the letter about her borrowing the money and Nora’s secret is finally exposedRead MoreAnalysis Of Henrik Ibsen s A Doll s House 1287 Words   |  6 PagesRachel Ihasz Period 1 Major Works Data Sheet Author: Henrik Ibsen Date of Publication: December 1879 Genre: A Doll’s House is a naturalistic/ realistic play with Victoriana-Era flair; (also a modern tragedy in play form) that deals with real life family crises of the 1870s’. Title: A Doll’s House 1. Style a. Point of View - Since A Doll’s House is written in play form, all of the action is displayed in front of the audience with actors portraying the roles. We as readers only get to readRead MoreFinal Essay: English 1Bs Journey 1128 Words   |  5 Pagesof unique, individual human beings to comprehend each other† (Thomas 120). The impact literature can bring onto others is simply amazing and is a gift that should be shared with everyone. This spring semester has quickly broadened my perspective. Being that this is my freshman year in college I prodded around ideas of what majors I had interests in. I toyed around with political science, but I found that I spent more time on arguing with what the political figures stood for than actually studyingRead MoreThe Seed Of A Seed1143 Words   |  5 Pagesnever gets picked. I am a sister. The day I became one, was the first day I left the house without a doll in tow. â€Å"I’m gonna have a new doll now, right Gramma?† Grandma smiled as she buckled me in. â€Å"Right, but this one you’ll have to take extra good care of,† she responded with a wink. When Grandma and I arrived at the hospital, a kind nurse led us down a hall to a window enclosed room. I immediately pressed my little nose and palms against the glass and peered in with a bit of confusion. Three

After the Renaissance Essay Sample free essay sample

Neoclassic Art was an art signifier that followed the Baroque and Rococo art periods. Neoclassicism was a manner for creative persons to expose their wish to return to meaningful art. to get away the frivolousness of landscapes and still life pictures. and pigment something that had a moral. educational or inspirational value to the spectator. Neoclassic art was an effort to return cognition and pureness back to art. Neoclassicism was chiefly focused on Greek and Roman humanistic disciplines and narratives of the classical epoch with some new promotion. It was a resurgence of antiquity. In Pompeo Girolamo Batoni’s Diana and Cupid. the Grecian and Roman manner is depicted in her vesture and the narrative. In Corrado Giaquinto’s The Lamentation. the moral value and the scriptural narrative shows the demand of the creative person to return to the pure art. Both of these characteristics show their neoclassical features. These pieces of art besides take many features from earlier art signifiers like classical and renaissance clip periods. In both Diana and Cupid. and The Lamentation. the creative persons used similar techniques to that of the classical and Renaissance periods. One of the chief ways the spectator can see this is by the topics. in both pictures it is clearly obvious that the human figures are the chief topics. There are many similarities that can be made between these two pieces of art ; many of them can be compared to earlier art forms every bit good. In the Renaissance period the usage of colour. composing. touch. and regard was highly of import to the creative person. theses techniques would assist the creative person connect the spectator to the work. it would look that the same could keep true in these pieces of work every bit good. In both of these pictures the spectator is on the same degree as the topics. the creative person made a connexion to the spectator through the viewing audiences standpoint. The spectator can experience like they are a portion of the picture every bit good. this is shown with the representation of infinite and the usage of a skyline line. In each of these plants you can clearly see a loving regard between topics. In Diana and Cupid. Diana is staring so fondly and playfully at Cupid. while Cupid is gazing at his bow his manus is placed upon her leg for suppo rt while making for it. In The Lamentation. merely an angel is touching the organic structure of Jesus. keeping his manus. but the other chief figure in the picture has her custodies clasped together and is staring at Jesus in a loving yet plaintive manner. The usage of colour in the pictures can easy be compared and contrasted. Both plants are reasonably insistent in their colour usage. and the colourss chosen are clear indexs for where the creative person wants the spectator to look. For illustration in Diana and Cupid her vesture is a bright vibrant red. and while there are many other beautiful colourss throughout the picture none are rather every bit vivacious as the ruddy used. This clearly shows that the human figure is the chief topic of the art. In The Lamentation the usage of colour is a small different. it would look that the creative person used colour on all of the other topics except for Jesus’ naked organic structure which in bend I believe makes Jesus stand out from the image. because there is colour used everyplace but on Jesus you focus in on him while all of the other topics are sort of intermixing together. In each of the pictures the creative person besides uses the tailing technique. The usage of visible radiation and dark is capturing in The Lamentation ; a batch of it has to make with the colourss chosen by the creative person. In Diana and Cupid there is a landscape background. which is why the tailing effects truly intrigue the spectator. The usage of visible radiation seems natural about as if the creative person were sitting at that place painting them in that garden at the start of a sundown. The usage of shadowing truly emphasizes the chief topic of the art because each of the topics seems so bright compared to the remainder of the picture. In both pictures the topics are besides depicted bare and clad. for each of these pictures the bare topics have a different significance. in The Lamentation Jesus’ is about wholly bare which was meant to picture him as a hero as was normally done in many other art signifiers. and in Diana and Cupid. Cupid’s nakedness represent s the fabulous figure. Another similarity between the two pictures that is besides similar of earlier clip periods is the deficiency of muliebrity used for female topics. The spectator can clearly see that the topics in both pictures are adult females. but merely because of their faces or hair. The organic structures of the adult females depicted lack the physical properties of a female. This is seen more in The Lamentation than it is in Diana and Cupid. but the accent on Diana is infinitesimal. There is besides a similarity in these plants that is non common with the Classical or Renaissance clip periods. The lines that the creative persons have created with the usage of the subject’s organic structures and other elements of the picture are non insistent in any manner. normally in Classical or Renaissance art the lines particularly in human signifier demo some sort of repeat. whether it be in the arrangement of their organic structures. limbs or architecturally. The differences between these two pictures are significant as good. A few of the things that made these pictures so similar by comparing besides separate them. For illustration. the regard in Diana and Cupid is loving but besides has a teasing quality to it. as she is keeping Cupid’s bow out of his ra nge. doing the Diana and Cupid painting a much more playful picture than The Lamentation which is really plaintive and serious. The colouring is another manner that the spectator sees differences between the art works. while both have a vivacious colouring quality they have different features that set them apart. For illustration Giaquinto’s colourising seems really much of the scriptural times. these colourss are the same colourss you would see if you looked at any other scriptural picture of the earlier era’s where in Batoni’s painting you can see how the universe of colourss had changed over clip. There were so many new colourss available to the creative persons at this clip and Batoni made certain to utilize them. his usage of colour added a realistic expression to his picture and helped set up his usage of visible radiation and dark or tailing. which was typical of neoclassicism. where in Giaquinto’s painting his tailing is created by utilizing a batch of the same colourss in darker sunglassess. Another difference between the two pictures is intending behind them. The Lamentation is based on a scriptural narrative. while Diana and Cupid is approximately Fabulous topics. which is more common for the neoclassical clip period. In Diana and Cupid. the creative per son uses a landscape background. which is against typical neoclassical features because the creative persons of this clip were seeking to interrupt away from the usage of landscape gardening and still life. while the landscape is beautiful and the colourss are rather astonishing it does non take away from the chief topics of the picture. In The Lamentation. the organic structures are much more defined and chip which is typical of the classical. scriptural epoch where the organic structures do non look realistic. each topic seems to hold prefect musculus tone and a slender figure. where in Diana and Cupid the organic structures depicted seem much more existent and blurred. Diana seems a small heavy set and her face shows a much more feminine quality than that of The Lamentation. The coppice Markss in Diana and Cupid are besides much more seeable which is another quality that seems unusual to be a portion of neoclassicism because the somewhat bleary figure or the brush grade technique truly started to emerge during the Rococo period. the really things the creative persons of this clip were seeking to draw away from. The last major difference that is seen between the two pictures is the artist’s representation of infinite. In Batoni’s painting the usage of a landscape including clouds. trees. and far off mountain tops makes the background seem like it goes on forever. while the bright red of her garments maintain your focal point on the chief topic you can non assist but look up to the beauty of the artist’s work. In Giaquinto’s painting it has a really tight expression to it. the spectator even feels cramped when looking at it. The organic structures depicted are so up forepart in the image and because there is no background or foreground everything seems to be squeezed into a really tight infinite which helps the creative person portray the significance and confirm who the chief topic of the picture is.

WordPress Favicon Guide How to Create One and Add It to Your Site

Looking for an easy way to add a WordPress favicon to your site?A favicon is the tiny image you’ll see at the left-hand side of any browser tab. By default, your site will only include a generic picture, so it’s up to you to add something custom. Doing this will help your site appear more trustworthy, assist with your branding, and make your pages easier to identify.In this post, well start with a quick explanation for why you should take the time to use a WordPress favicon. Then we’ll show you how to create one, and offer some advice for doing so effectively. Let’s get to work! This image – the favicon – identifies the site in question. You’ve  probably never given them much thought, given  their ubiquity. However, when you create your own website, it won’t have its own custom favicon. Instead, your pages’ tabs will feature a nondescript default image:These icons are bland, not very memorable, and can make your site come off as unprofessional. Therefore, creating a custom WordPress favicon is one of the first things you’ll want to do for your site.Using a carefully-chosen favicon also makes your pages easier for users to identify. Plus, it plays a role in ensuring your site is memorable, as well as strengthening your branding.Its also not that difficult to add a favicon to WordPress, making this one of the best low hanging fruit actions you can take for your site.How to add a favicon to your WordPress website (in 3 steps)Throughout the next few sections, we’re going to discuss how you can create a WordPress favicon and add it to your website. Let’s get started!Step 1: Plan out your favicon’s designBefore actually creating and uploading your favicon, it pays to do a bit of planning. This tiny image will be representing you and your website, so you don’t want to slap something together in a hurry.The first thing you’ll need to do is decide whether to use existing imagery or create something new. For example, if you already have a logo accurately representing your website or business, you may want to use it as your favicon.However, keep in mind that favicons are very small, and therefore can’t contain much detail. If your existing logo is complex, it will likely need to be simplified in order to look good in a browser tab.On the other hand, you can also create an entirely new image. It’s still best to use elements of your site’s or business’ branding  here. This means choosing to incorporate colors, fonts, and/or icons that are already a part of your larger website’s design.It can help at this stage to sketch out some possibilities for your favicon, either on paper or in a simple image editing program. Remember – your design needs to be very simple, not include unnecessary elements, and visually represent your brand at a glance.Step 2: Create your faviconOnce you’ve settled on a desi gn concept, it’s time to actually create the favicon image. If you’re using an existing logo, and you’re lucky enough to have a clear, simplified version on hand, this step is simple.Otherwise, you’ll need to design your favicon. There are a few ways you can approach this task:Hire a designer to create it for you. This may seem like overkill for such a small and basic image, but spending a little money can result in a higher-quality, professional result. Plus, the designer may be able to offer advice about how to optimize and size your image for various delivery methods.Design your favicon from scratch, using a program such as Photoshop. If you have solid design skills – or time to spare – creating your favicon by hand offers you complete control.Use a favicon creator to streamline the process. If you don’t want to hire a pro, but aren’t comfortable doing it all yourself, there are plenty of tools that can help bridge the gap. Many are free, and let you either design your favicon using a blank template, or upload and edit a pre-existing image.With the last point in mind, Faviconer is a simple in-browser tool that can get the job done:You’ll even see your design in the browser tab for the website, letting you know what it will look like in context.Other benefits of these favicon creation tools are the help youll get in keeping your image simple, and the various sizing options youll have access to. Browsers and devices vary, but most require favicons to be 16 x 16 or 32 x 32 pixels. This means you can create a larger image (512 x 512 pixels is standard for WordPress), and scale it down as necessary.Step 3: Add your WordPress favicon to your site and optimize itOnce you have a favicon ready to go, there are a few ways you can add it to your site.Use the WordPress Customizer Fine for most usesThe simplest is to navigate to Appearance Customize in your dashboard, and select the Site Identity tab:Along with some basic options, you’ll find a section here called Site Icon. Here, you can upload a 512 x 512 pixel version of your image, to be used as both a favicon and mobile app icon.Use a free plugin Ensures compatibility with all devicesWhile the above process works perfectly fine, it’s worth keeping in mind that your WordPress favicon will be displayed across a wide range of devices. This includes a huge variety of screen sizes and resolutions.If you want to improve the chances of your favicon being displayed in an optimal way no matter how it’s viewed, it may be worth installing a plugin such as Favicon by RealFaviconGenerator: Favicon by RealFaviconGenerator Author(s): Philippe BernardCurrent Version: 1.3.15Last Updated: February 15, 2019favicon-by-realfavicongenerator.zip 100%Ratings 1,261,153Downloads WP 3.5+Requires This plugin helps you quickly generate many versions of your favicon, optimized for various browsers, devices, and so on. If you nav igate to the new Appearance Favicon section of your WordPress dashboard after installing the plugin, you’ll be able to upload a master image:Then you’ll be taken to a page where you can customize your favicon for different uses:You’ll find plenty of suggestions here for ways to tweak each version of your WordPress favicon. You can even upload entirely new images to use on certain devices if your master image isn’t suitable. Plus, you’ll see previews of what your favicon will look like in various contexts.After, you can select the button at the bottom of the page to generate your favicons and return to your dashboard:Overall, if you want to ensure your favicon represents your brand well no matter the end device, it pays to take a few extra steps to ensure it’s fully optimized.ConclusionIt can be easy to focus so much on the big aspects of designing your website, such as choosing a theme and building pages, that you forget about the smaller d etails. Including a simple, yet effective WordPress favicon is key if you don’t want your pages to look generic in browser tabs and on mobile devices.As youve seen, the process of putting together a WordPress favicon only takes three steps:Plan out your favicon’s design.Create your favicon, from scratch or using a creation tool such as Faviconer.Add your WordPress favicon to your site and optimize it, using the WordPress Customizer or a plugin like Favicon by RealFaviconGenerator.Do you have any questions about how to design or optimize your WordPress favicon? Ask away in the comments section below! Want to add a favicon to your #WordPress site? Here's everything you need to know

Care Plan free essay sample

Impaired Comfort related to sickle cell anemia as evidenced by acute vaso-occlusive crisis. The patient’s pain should take precedence as the nursing diagnosis, because it is in all-encompassing factor that affects the client’s ability to function within the other areas of Maslow’s hierarchy of physiological needs, such as breathing and sleeping. The pain from the vaso-occlusion makes it difficult for the client to become comfortable enough to rest in addition to other factors that affect sleep patterns. The pain caused by the client’s chest pain also makes it difficult to for her to take deep, adequate breathes and to assess her lung sounds. 2. Ineffective Breathing Pattern related to acute chest syndrome secondary to sickle cell anemia as evidenced by alterations in depth of breathing. Breathing should be prioritized as the secondary nursing diagnosis, because the patient’s sickle cell anemia is presenting her with diminished lung sounds in the lower right lung. We will write a custom essay sample on Care Plan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Since the primary nursing diagnosis is associated with vaso-occlusion, the client is not getting proper oxygenation to parts of their body, and interventions may include administering analgesics to treat the discomfort, of which an adverse effect may include an altered breathing pattern, it is especially important to pay attention to and assess respiratory functioning in order to treat the effects of smoking and administration of analgesics on respiratory function and assure adequate oxygenation. 3. Disturbed Sleep Pattern related to excessive noise as evidenced by reports of being awakened all night. Disturbed sleep pattern should be prioritized third, because lack of adequate rest can cause fatigue, further discomfort, and decreased ability to function and perform ADL’s which is important to a client’s self-esteem and independence. Nursing Care Plan Nursing Diagnosis: Acute Pain related to vaso-occlusive crisis secondary to sickle cell anemia as manifested by grimacing and verbalization of pain Outcome/Short Term Patient Centered GoalsPlanning/Interventions ImplementationRationale for interventionsEvaluation Short-Term Desired Outcomes The client will â€Å"perform appropriate interventions, with or without significant others, to improve and/or maintain acceptable comfort level,† a 5 or less on a 0-10 pain scale, by the end of the day (Ackley Ladwig, 2013). Long-Term Desired Outcomes The client will â€Å"identify strategies, with or without significant others, to improve and/or maintain comfort level† by the time of discharge (Ackley Ladwig, 2013). 1. â€Å"Assess pain intensity level in a client† every hour utilizing a 0-10 pain scale (Ackley Ladwig, 2013). 2. Describe the adverse effects of unrelieved pain† every hour along with each pain assessment until patient verbalizes understanding (Ackley Ladwig, 2013). Teach the client about prescribed medications (oxycodone, for pain), such as how to use it, how often to take it, how much at once, and the desired and adverse effects of it. 4. â€Å"Ask the client to report side effects, such as nausea and pruritus, and to describe appetite, bowel elimination, and ability to rest and sleep† by performing an interview every hour while assessing pain level (Ackley Ladwig, 2013). 1. The first step in pain assessment is to determine if the client can provide self-report† (Ackley Ladwig, 2013). 2. â€Å"Ineffective management of acute pain has the potential for†¦neuronal remodelin, an impact on immune function, and long-lasting physiological, psychological, and emotional distress † (Ackley Ladwig, 2013). 3. â€Å"Instruct the client and family on prescribed medications and therapies that improve comfort† (Ackley Ladwig, 2013). 4. â€Å"Constipation is one of the most common side effects of opioid therapy and can beco me a significant problem in pain management† (Ackley Ladwig, 2013). Short-Term Desired Outcomes The client is able to properly utilize the prescribed oxycodone in their therapy to achieve a comfort level of 5 by the end of the day. Verbalizing an understanding of adverse effects of unrelieved pain helped patient understand the importance of reporting an accurate pain score whenever experiencing discomfort. Goal Met. Nursing interventions for this goal were effective to help the patient achieve a more comfortable state. Long-Term Desired Outcomes The client is able to identify and report the side effects of the oxycodone, so that they can report any nausea, constipation, or abnormal sleep patterns to a nurse or physician. Goal met. Care Plan free essay sample Comfort related to sickle cell anemia as evidenced by acute vaso-occlusive crisis. The patient’s pain should take precedence as the nursing diagnosis, because it is in all-encompassing factor that affects the client’s ability to function within the other areas of Maslow’s hierarchy of physiological needs, such as breathing and sleeping. The pain from the vaso-occlusion makes it difficult for the client to become comfortable enough to rest in addition to other factors that affect sleep patterns. The pain caused by the client’s chest pain also makes it difficult to for her to take deep, adequate breathes and to assess her lung sounds. 2. Ineffective Breathing Pattern related to acute chest syndrome secondary to sickle cell anemia as evidenced by alterations in depth of breathing. Breathing should be prioritized as the secondary nursing diagnosis, because the patient’s sickle cell anemia is presenting her with diminished lung sounds in the lower right lung. We will write a custom essay sample on Care Plan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Since the primary nursing diagnosis is associated with vaso-occlusion, the client is not getting proper oxygenation to parts of their body, and interventions may include administering analgesics to treat the discomfort, of which an adverse effect may include an altered breathing pattern, it is especially important to pay attention to and assess respiratory functioning in order to treat the effects of smoking and administration of analgesics on respiratory function and assure adequate oxygenation. 3. Disturbed Sleep Pattern related to excessive noise as evidenced by reports of being awakened all night. Disturbed sleep pattern should be prioritized third, because lack of adequate rest can cause fatigue, further discomfort, and decreased ability to function and perform ADL’s which is important to a client’s self-esteem and independence. Nursing Care Plan Nursing Diagnosis: Acute Pain related to vaso-occlusive crisis secondary to sickle cell anemia as manifested by grimacing and verbalization of pain Outcome/Short Term Patient Centered GoalsPlanning/Interventions ImplementationRationale for interventionsEvaluation Short-Term Desired Outcomes The client will â€Å"perform appropriate interventions, with or without significant others, to improve and/or maintain acceptable comfort level,† a 5 or less on a 0-10 pain scale, by the end of the day (Ackley Ladwig, 2013). Long-Term Desired Outcomes The client will â€Å"identify strategies, with or without significant others, to improve and/or maintain comfort level† by the time of discharge. â€Å"Describe the adverse effects of unrelieved pain† every hour along with each pain assessment until patient verbalizes understanding (Ackley Ladwig, 2013). 3. Teach the client about prescribed medications (oxycodone, for pain), such as how to use it, how often to take it, how much at once, and the desired and adverse effects of it. 4. â€Å"Ask the client to report side effects, such as nausea and pruritus, and to describe appetite, bowel elimination, and ability to rest and sleep† by performing an interview every hour while assessing pain level. †The first step in pain assessment is to determine if the client can provide self-report† (Ackley Ladwig, 2013). 2. â€Å"Ineffective management of acute pain has the potential for†¦neuronal remodelin, an impact on immune function, and long-lasting physiological, psychological, and emotional distress † (Ackley Ladwig, 2013). 3. â€Å"Instruct the client and family on prescribed medications and therapies that improve comfort† (Ackley Ladwig, 2013). 4. â€Å"Constipation is one of the most common side effects of opioid therapy and can become a significant problem in pain management† (Ackley Ladwig, 2013). Short-Term Desired Outcomes The client is able to properly utilize the prescribed oxycodone in their therapy to achieve a comfort level of 5 by the end of the day. Verbalizing an understanding of adverse effects of unrelieved pain helped patient understand the importance of reporting an accurate pain score whenever experiencing discomfort. Goal Met. Nursing interventions for this goal were effective to help the patient achieve a more comfortable state. Long-Term Desired Outcomes The client is able to identify and report the side effects of the oxycodone, so that they can report any nausea, constipation, or abnormal sleep patterns to a nurse or physician. Goal met.

Professional Development

Professional Development leadership in many nations. It is important to learn and understand complex culture for one to be a good leader. I built a habit of learning the Indonesian culture which is very important in my professional development. Many great leaders adopted global cultures to be successful in their regions. The interaction of folk music and Indonesian dance is a reflection of roots of diverse cultures of the world. Each good leader must embrace and develop respect for culture since people do value them therefore respect for culture is respect for people. It is an interactive tool in leadership. If a leader ignores culture he/she ignores the people he/she leads This relies completely on the emphasis people place on the culture. Culture is an in-born trait among people. Professional growth in culture is a wide field thus people find it challenging in the selection of culture to use in their leadership studies. Leadership skills are not universal. The Indonesian culture has enhanced my interpersonal skills hence I can influence people positively with no conflict.

Conflict Management Styles Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Conflict Management Styles - Term Paper Example Additionally, this paper explains how conflict management relates to my effectiveness as a leader. An example of a conflict I have handled effectively involved a disagreement between two nurses. The two nurse had different views on how a certain case involving a patient could be handled. As each one of the nurse considered their contribution as superior, a verbal exchange arose. In handling this conflict, I encouraged the two nurses to collaborate in this case. In other words, I advised the two nurses to set their original suggestion regarding how the case would be handled aside and subsequently directed them to work together to decide on a common objective. The results to this approach were positive and in fact led to the overall improvement and advancement of the process of care within the health care institution. This collaboration ensured teamwork, encouraged communication, and hence nurses were overly motivated in their work. If such a conflict would arise for a second time, I would opt for the same approach to conflict management. However, there are ways or steps I would take in a bid to improve my comfort level and skill for managing in the future. One of the steps in engaging in dialogue or discussions with employees. Johansen (2012) brings forward the fact that "Nursing leaders and direct care nurses need to engage in dialogues that address conflict management behavior as a first step in creating a healthy work environment" (p. 52). Effective dialogues ensures conflicts are handled effectively as avoiding them would elevate stress levels among nurses as well as among other stakeholders. Secondly, I would ensure regular trainings and seminars where all employees would be trained on how to effectively manage conflicts within the workplace. Subsequently, it would also be important to identify potential conflict areas and implement strategies that would avert any conflicts from

Religious visit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Religious visit - Essay Example I spoke to a few of them and finally decided to visit the Shri Shivdham Hindu Temple in Orlando. The visit has brought about changes in me, in the perception of people and things, in the outlook on life. Shri Shivdham Hindu Temple, located in Orlando, allows visitors at fixed times during the day. I had called up in advance to get the location but fixed appointment for any service is not necessary. However, it was useful to obtain the service timings so that one does not miss out on the service that is performed. The temple is closed to the visitors between 1 and 5pm so I made it a point to reach thereby noon. This temple was established in 2002 and regular Hindi language classes are held in addition to Yoga and meditation classes. The temple regularly invites various swamis and scholars to give discourses on different spiritual subjects. The temple’s address is: 460 O’Berry Hoover Road, Orlando, FL 32825-6908. I also took the directions how to reach there was told to drive west on East Colonial drive (Hwy 50). On crossing the Alafaya trail (Landmarks: Channel 24/ Advance Discount Parts / Big Lots) I was asked to make a left on O’Berry Hoover Road. The Shiv mandir is located at the end of the road on the right side, I was directed. The directions were perfect and surprisingly I found that my attention too was rapt; I did not miss any turn. This itself suggests we have the power and the quality to be attentive if we so desire. Moreover, when we want to do something good, our actions, thoughts and attention are all at their best. On arrival I was nonplussed. As I said I had heard about temples and mandir but I never expected to be greeted by such positive vibrations even before entering the temple area. The entire area reverberates with chanting of hymns of Shiva. The chanting was all in Sanskrit, mostly in the form of mantras and the vibrations touch you. It had a very soothing and comforting effect

Human Resource Paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human Resource Paper - Assignment Example A health care organization must have objectives that guide them in their line of duty. Some of these objectives are strategic and have implications on the human resource management. These objectives are; to promote health and impart health education, to immerse in disease inspection and analysis and to collaborate with governments and administrations around the world to promote health promotional programs. These three objectives have implications on human resource management. Human resource management is concerned with the safety and compensation of manpower among other things. When the objectives of a health care regarding promoting of health and imparting, disease inspection and analysis have been attained, then the expenses incurred by the human resource management to make sure that the staff members are safe are cut down and therefore there will be no expenses on compensation brought about by poor health care. This is because with good health and proper health education then case s of disease and infections are cut down. Health problems cost an organization a lot. Disease inspection and analysis will help in the understanding of the causes and the possible treatments that are to be administered to various diseases and infections. The time and money wasted in trying to cater for the treatment of a worker will be reduced if the diseases they have are known unlike when a company uses its funding to facilitate the treatment of an unknown ailment. The above strategic objectives can only be attained if actions and systems are put in place. Health Systems Executives play a big role in the attainment of set objectives. It comprises of health experts who have come together to offer their advice regarding the various issues that affect the health care organization. The experts are in the various fields that have a co-relation with health matters. It might consist of medical doctors, IT specialists, trainers, sales and marketing experts among other professionals. For i nstance, a Health Systems Organization can have an IT specialist who is an expert in issues dealing with technology. One of the objectives of a health care organization was to inspect and analyze diseases. With the proper technology, this objective can be attained. An effective Health System Executive body will ensure that new technologies are introduced in a health care organization; the work force is enlightened through training and the implementation process starts immediately. With introduction of hi-tech machinery, the organization will be in a position to inspect and analyze diseases and new infections. The objective, to promote health and impart health education can be achieved when the Health System Executive consisting of training personnel who educates the masses concerning matters of health. Those who have been trained will then train others and the cycle continues. This will ensure that people become aware of the health issues and how to handle them. The third objective, to collaborate with governments and administrations to promote health promotional programs can be achieved by the Health

Impact of Directly Observed Treatment on Tuberculosis

Impact of Directly Observed Treatment on Tuberculosis Description of the condition Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) is defined as Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains with in vitro resistance to at least both isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RFP) (Johnston 2009;WHO;WHO 2013). Emergence of this strain since the 1980s has represented a major barrier towards successful TB control (Johnston 2009;WHO 2013). Among the newly diagnosed TB patients in 2012, 3.6% had MDR TB while the percentage was approximately six times higher among those previously treated cases (20.2%) (WHO 2013).In 2012, it was estimated that 450000 incident cases and 170000 mortality cases of MDR TB occurred globally (WHO 2013). Compared with drug-susceptible strains, treatment of MDR TB is much more complex. According to the WHO guidelines, MDR TB treatment regimen requires a minimum duration of 18 months with two treatment phases, the intensive and the continuation phase (WHO). The first six months of treatment is usually considered the intensive phase since a patient needs to receive both oral and injectable drugs (WHO). After this period, the injectable agent is discontinued and patients receive the oral drugs for another 12-18 months (termed as the continuation phase) (WHO). Management of MDR TB is challenging for that patients are normally in advanced stages of disease with thick-walled cavities and chronic lung lesions which are hard for the drugs to penetrate (Orenstein 2009). Also, the longer treatment duration, high out-of-pocket cost, together with the more frequent adverse reactions that are associated with second line drugs are all contribution factors to poor treatment adherence (Bassili 2013;Toczek 2012;Volmink 2007). As a result, treatment success rate of MDR TB was much lower compared to drug sensitive strains. According to the WHO, the pooled treatment success rate of MDR TB patients diagnosed in 2009 was about 48%, whereas it exceeded 85% among non-MDR TB patients (Johnston 2009). Description of the intervention Directly observed treatment (DOT) refers to the use of an appointed agent (a professional health worker, a community volunteer, or a family member) to directly monitor people taking their anti-tuberculosis drugs (Mukherjee 2004). Initially, this concept was proposed as a key component of Directly Observed Therapy, Short Course (DOTS) by the WHO in 1994 to ensure cure of TB (WHO). In addition to the provision of standardized 6-8 months short-course directly observed chemotherapy regimen, other components of DOTS include: political commitment, case detection through quality-assured bacteriology, maintenance of an effective drug supply and management system, and evaluation of performance and impact (WHO). Implementation of DOTS in non-MDR TB treatment demonstrates significant effectiveness, as the strategy has helped to treat 37 million TB cases and cured more than 80% of them by 2007(WHO 2013). However, the standardized short-course chemotherapy is usually not applicable to cases of MD R TB. To improve patients’ adherence to MDR TB treatment, in 2000, WHO and its international partners further developed DOTS-Plus strategy by adding the components of MDR-TB diagnosis, treatment and management into the DOTS (WHO 2008;WHO 2011). In this DOTS-Plus strategy, DOT is highly recommended by the WHO to be delivered to all MDR-TB patients (WHO 2008;WHO 2011). However, treatment of MDR-TB patients requires at least 18 months, therefore, delievering DOT to MDR-TB patients would be more challenge than for drug-suspectible TB patients. There are two types of DOT according to its implementation length. In full DOT, anti-TB drugs were administered under direct observation throughout the treatment duration (including both the intensive and continuation phase) whereas it is directly observed only during the intensive phase for partial DOT (WHO 2008;WHO 2011). Effectiveness of DOT is commonly demonstrated through comparison with SAT, a traditional management modality in which anti-TB drugs were self-administered by patients without any observation (WHO 2008;WHO 2011). Currently, many countries have incorporated full DOT into their national TB control programs (NTPs) according to suggestions from the WHO guidelines (Bassili 2013). However, there are still countries that adopt partial DOT or even self-administrated treatment (SAT) as the management modality in their NTPs. How the intervention might work A better understanding of how DOT improves treatment outcomes of MDR TB could have important management implications. First, knowing the type(s) of DOT provider and location that is associated with a higher treatment success rate could allow one to make evidence-based decisions when designing DOT for MDR TB treatment. Second, studying the influence of other characteristics on successful treatment outcomes of MDR TB could provide a conservative yet more objective conclusion of the effectiveness of DOT. Third, comparing DOT with other strategies for the improvement of treatment adherence could advise policy makers to balance resources between DOT and these other strategies so that treatment could be delivered in a more cost-effective way. Why it is important to do this review Impact of DOT on successful TB treatment has been controversial throughout the years. Previous observational studies suggested that DOT ensured timely adherence management as well as day-to-day monitoring of adverse effects (Orenstein 2009). One meta-analysis revealed that treatment completion rate among pulmonary TB patients could exceed 90% when DOT was implemented throughout the treatment course(Bassili 2013). However, results from a recent meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials showed no significant difference in treatment success rate between DOT and SAT among drug-susceptible TB cases(Mukherjee 2004). Moreover, previous meta-analyses almost exclusively focused on the role of DOT in the treatment of non-MDR TB; little has been examined systematically regarding its role in effective MDR TB treatment.

Chinese Foreign Policy Essay

Specific portfolio. (See â€Å"Collective Leadership.†) To ensure Party control, the top-ranked members of the PSC serve concurrently as the heads of other parts of the political system. The top ranked PSC member, Party General Secretary Hu Jintao, for example, serves concurrently as head of the military, in his capacity as head of Chairman of the Central Military Commission, and as the head of State, in his capacity as State President. The second-ranked PSC member, Wu Bangguo, serves as Chairman of the National People’s Congress (NPC), while the third-ranked PSC member, Wen Jiabao, serves as Premier of the State Council, and the fourth-ranked member, Jia Qinglin, heads the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and oversees the Party’s relations with non-Communist groups. Portfolios for other PSC members include the propaganda system; management of the Party bureaucracy and Hong Kong and Macau; finance and economics; Party discipline; and the internal security system. 32 PSC members also head Party â€Å"Leading Small Groups† (LSGs) for their policy areas. LSGs are secretive bodies intended to facilitate cross-agency coordination in implementation of Politburo Standing Committee decisions. The National Security Leading Small Group and the Foreign Affairs Leading Small Group, for example, are both headed by Party General Secretary Hu Jintao. The next highest decision-making body is the full Politburo, which, with the suspension of the disgraced former Chongqing Party Secretary, Bo Xilai, now comprises 24 officials. In addition to the nine members of the PSC, Politburo members include the heads of major departments of the Party bureaucracy, the two highest ranking officers in the Chinese military, State Council Vice Premiers, a State Councilor, and Party leaders from important cities and provinces. The current Politburo has only one female member. Because of its relatively unwieldy size and the geographic diversity of its members, the full Politburo is not involved in day-to-day decision-making. In 2011, it met eight times, with its meetings often focused on a single major policy area or on preparations for major national meetings. According to the Party’s constitution, the PSC and Politburo derive their power from the Central Committee, whose full and alternate members together â€Å"elect† the Politburo, Politburo Standing Committee, and Party General Secretary, and â€Å"decide† on the composition of the Party’s Central Military Commission.34 In practice, incumbent top officials provide a list of nominees to the Central Committee, which ratifies the leadership’s nominees.35 The current nearly 400-member Central Committee (including alternates) is made up of leaders from the provinces (41.5%), central ministries (22.6%), the military (17.5 %), central Party organizations (5.9%), and stateowned enterprises, educational institutions, â€Å"mass organizations† such as the Communist Youth League, and other constituencies (12.4%). The National People’s Congress (NPC) The third major political institution in China is the National People’s Congress (NPC), China’s unicameral national legislature. According to Article 57 of China’s constitution, the NPC is â€Å"the highest organ of state power.† The Constitution tasks the NPC with overseeing the Presidency, the State Council, the State Central Military Commission, the Supreme People’s Court, and China’s national level public prosecutor’s office, the Supreme People’s Procuratorate. In practice, however, the NPC’s powers are severely limited, and the entire entity operates under the leadership of the Communist Party. The public theater of the NPC’s work is centered around its ten-day-long annual full session, held every March and attended by all of the NPC’s nearly 3,000 deputies. The next full session, in March 2013, will mark the start of a new five-year Congress, and is expected to approve a major leadership transition, including a new President and Premier, and new Vice Premiers and State Councilors. At the annual full sessions, NPC deputies almost always vote to approve the reports, laws, and candidates put before them, usually by overwhelming margins, leading many observers to describe the NPC as a â€Å"rubber stamp† parliament. NPC delegates do occasionally push back, however. At the March 2012 session of the NPC, for example, a record 20% of deputies withheld their support from the Ministry of Finance’s budget report, reportedly in protest over the Ministry’s longstanding refusal to accept any NPC suggestions for revisions to the budget.47 (Unlike the U.S. Congress, the National People’s Congress does not pass spending bills. Rather, at the annual full session each year, it votes to approve the budget presented by the Minister of Finance.) The NPC also makes revisions to the Premier’s annual report on the work of the government, the State’s most important policy document. Out of the public eye, individual committees and the Standing Committee exercise more meaningful influence. They shape legislation and can exercise a degree of oversight over government entities through â€Å"inspection† visits and committee reports. The power of individual NPC deputies to exercise oversight is largely restricted to the right to submit â€Å"proposals† advocating for reforms or demanding better implementation of laws or regulations, to which officials are required to respond in writing. Because the annual full session of the congress is so brief, much of the NPC’s work is undertaken by its approximately 175-member Standing Committee, which meets about half a dozen times a year.48 Other important NPC bodies include nine specialized committees and a legislative affairs work committee, all of which review and revise draft legislation before sending it to the Standing Committee or the full Congress for action. Like the State Council, the NPC has a Party organization embedded within it. The NPC’s chairman serves on the Politburo Standing Committee and is currently the Party’s number-two ranked official. NPC deputies are not directly elected. The Communist Party draws up lists of nominees, based in part on potential nominees’ perceived loyalty to the Party. Thirty-five electoral units, most of them provincial-level People’s Congresses, then vote upon the Party’s nominees. The process is modestly competitive in that the Party nominates 20% to 50% more candidates than available positions and those with the most votes are elected to serve as NPC deputies. NPC election rules stipulate quotas for the representation of ethnic minority groups, the military, women, and other groups, including the Party itself. Because China rejects any separation of powers, the President, Premier, and other top leaders are all NPC deputies. 49 Deputies serve for five-year terms. The NPC is the uppermost layer of a nation-wide system of People’s Congresses. These congresses are loosely linked together in process and function. Only deputies for the lowest level of People’s Congresses are directly elected. Traditionally, even at the lowest level, candidate lists are controlled by the Party, and elections are uncontested. Since 2011, however, China has seen a wave of independent candidates contesting elections for People’s Congresses in city districts and townships. Most such candidates have faced forms of official harassment, including intrusive surveillance, extra-legal detention, intimidation of their supporters, and election irregularities designed to keep them from appearing on ballots, but some have succeeded in being elected to office. Corruption Corruption in China is widespread and takes many forms, from lavish gifts and expensive meals bestowed on officials by those seeking favors, to bribes explicitly offered in exchange for permits and approvals, to embezzlement of state funds, exemption of friends and relatives from enforcement of laws and regulations, and the appointment of relatives to lucrative jobs in stateowned companies. A 2011 report released by China’s Central Bank estimated that from the mid- 1990s to 2008, corrupt officials who fled overseas took with them $120 billion in stolen funds.28 The CCP uses its Central Discipline Inspection Commission (CDIC) to police its own ranks for corruption, an arrangement fraught with conflicts of interest. As noted above, the Party metes out its own punishments for wrongdoing by its members, and has sole discretion about whether to hand members over to the state judiciary for investigation and possible prosecution. (See â€Å"Weak Rule of Law and Ineffective Policy Implementation and Enforcement.†) Critics charge that CDIC investigations are frequently politically motivated, even if they uncover real wrongdoing. Officials who keep on the right side of their superiors and colleagues may engage in large-scale corruption, while other officials may be investigated for lesser infractions because they have fallen afoul of powerful officials.

Heart Attack Essay

The heart is a large, hollow organ made of muscle that has four chambers: 2 upper chambers and 2 lower chambers. The upper chambers take in blood, while the lower chambers pump out blood through your whole body. A network of arteries and veins help to carry the blood throughout your body. Your heartbeat is controlled by an internal electrical system that sends signals from the right upper chamber to the left upper chamber, and then down to the lower chambers. Sometimes the heart can develop problems that prevent it from working properly. One example is a heart attack, which you suffered. This pamphlet will explain the factors that led to the heart attack, and what changes you can make in your lifestyle to prevent another heart attack. One factor that can cause a heart attack is high blood pressure. This condition occurs because of fatty substances building up in your arteries. As more fat builds up, the artery gets blocked, reducing the blood that can flow through it. This reduced blood flow causes the heart to not get enough oxygen, causing the heart attack to occur. A second factor is cholesterol. There is good cholesterol and bad cholesterol. When you have a very high level of bad cholesterol in your blood, it leads to a build up of plaque in your arteries. This build up can lead to blockage and hardening of your arteries. A third factor is smoking. Smoking increases the rate of your heartbeat, causes your blood vessels to become too narrow, and can lead to high blood pressure. The carbon monoxide inhaled while smoking reduces the oxygen in the blood. All these things make the heart work harder to pump blood through the body. The factors leading to your heart attack, artery blockage and fat accumulation, were corrected. The blocked artery was opened up through the insertion of a balloon, which expanded the artery to allow for easier blood flow. As for the fat accumulation, that can be reduced through changes in your diet. These diet changes can be discussed with your doctor during your next visit. The ultimate goal is to reduce the chance of another heart attack.

9 Easy Steps to Make More Money At Work

9 Easy Steps to Make More Money At Work We can’t all be hedge fund managers and zillionaires. But there are a few very practical strategies that can help you maximize your assets. 1. Location Location LocationDon’t just flock to L.A., Chicago, Boston, or New York because they’re there (and so big and shiny). Use a resource like Zillow.com to check for metro areas with a better bang for your buck- cities like Dallas, Atlanta, and Indianapolis, where housing costs are a much lower percentage of your income. A lot of these cities are up-and-coming and great places to live.2. Be proactiveDon’t wait six months or a year for your first performance review to ask for that raise. Most companies make their budgets at the end of their fiscal year; if you can, start the conversation before that window closes.3. Give it a NumberLet your boss know what you want before you explain why you’ve earned it. And set a range; you’ll appear flexible; and you never know, you might end up with the big numb er.4. Go RogueExecutives who switch jobs can end up with an up to 15% pay bump, compared with your typical 3% raise. Make that kind of upward move at the age of 40, and you can make a 9% difference in your lifetime income.5. RebrandYou’re not the same employee you were when you were fresh out of college with your first resume. Tailor your current resume to your current goals, and drop whatever positions are no longer relevant to your career.6. DigitizeWhy look for other opportunities when the Internet can do it for you? Keep up on LinkedIn, Poachable, and Poacht, and sex up your profile with keywords pertinent to the job you want. This will attract prospective employers without your even having to go looking for them!7. Climb HigherEven if you’re late in your career, aim to make it up just one more rung on the ladder. It can make all the difference in cumulative earnings, not to mention the ego boost of conquering another level of the game.8. Go LateralNo more free run gs on your ladder? No worries. Hop to the adjoining one if opportunities are short. Just make sure not to burn any bridges- and keep your boss sweet in case you ever need a glowing reference.9. Have a Back-Up PlanYou never know when everything is going to come crashing down around you. Prepare for the worst and you’ll never get caught with your pants down. Have an idea for a small business or a freelance project? Keep it in your back pocket for emergencies and never lose a chance to earn.9 Ways to Make More Money at Work

African Imperialism Essays

African Imperialism Essays African Imperialism Essay African Imperialism Essay Prior to 1880, European rule in the African continent had mostly been restricted to the coast, extending a short distance inland along major rivers due to their economic interests being primarily limited to the slave trade. The start of the 1880’s saw massive increase of European nations seeking territory in Africa. Europeans seeking rights to land, resources, and trading routes in Africa had to compete with other nations, corporations, and African natives. In order to gain these rights from the native people, Europeans would make unfair treaties and contracts with African tribes that took advantage of their, land, resources, and people. The title of the source, â€Å"Controlling Africa-The Standard Treaty† implies that this contract was used as a standard operating procedure by the Royal Niger Company to control the land, resources, and people of African tribes. The language and formality of the document is very biased towards the Royal Niger Company and it mentions that the Royal Niger Company will pay native land owners for the land they require, so I would conclude that the Royal Niger Company was operated by Europeans. In return for ceding the power to mine, farm, and build on their land tribes received protection, payment to landowners, and a set payment to the Chiefs. Tribe leaders were probably not educated well enough to understand exactly what they were signing away in this contract and therefore likely did not receive any of these promises from the Royal Niger Company or were possibly lied to about the terms and conditions of the contract. European Imperialism occurred for many reasons, one being the desire for territories. The more territory you controlled the more power and prestige your country had. Exploration was another reason for European Imperialism. Wealthy sponsors who wanted details of markets, goods, and resources renewed interest in exploration by funding expeditions whose purpose was to create and report records of said details. Control of trade routes fueled the scramble for Africa and competition among European countries. Africa was a direct route to India which made the Europeans countries want African territory even more because of India’s silks and spices. The Suez Canal on the eastern coast of Egypt is the fastest route to India. The Suez Canal was very important to Britain. After capturing the Suez Canal from the French, guarding the canal became a critical part of Britain’s foreign policy. The British needed to drive out the threat of other Europeans in Africa to maintain control of India, and they did so efficiently. They quickly gained control of both the major sea routes to India and then focused on the rest of the continent. Whether the British were trying to further public support or prevent another nation from becoming a threat, all British actions in Africa were directly or indirectly linked to India. The British were motivated by their desire to become powerful, and they skillfully combined enterprise and conquest to create an empire centered on the wealth of India. The struggle of difference between the white Europeans and the native Africans was a major factor in the impact of imperialism on Africa. The European explorers â€Å"seldom had men of their own race with them, and they often found their African hosts strange and unpredictable, and feared their hostility. † 1 The Europeans felt like they had to gain control over the African people in order to maintain power. This sometimes had positive effects such as the introduction of modern transportation such as railroads. They also shared their knowledge of nutrition and medicine which increased the health and life span of the Africans. According to Chamberlain’s book, â€Å"The Scramble for Africa†, imperialism was good for Africa because it brought the African natives’ lives up to the standards of western civilization. 2 This is true in some aspects however, I believe the social relationships of the natives and their cultural traditions were negatively altered causing them to change their way of life solely because the European’s ethnocentric way of thinking. Their controlling of the indigenous people had many other negative impacts on Africa because of how the Europeans treated the Africans as inferiors and sometimes even harshly with no ethnic or cultural respect. Railroad companies and miners used local populations as a source of labor for dangerous jobs where the indigenous people worked in harsh conditions, sometimes risking their lives, for little pay. The scramble for Africa started in 1870 and by 1890 most of Africa was under European rule with only Ethiopia and Liberia remaining independent. European Imperialism most likely caused the tribal warfare that occurred later in Africa. The Standard Treaty of Controlling Africa reflects the imperialistic rush that occurred in the late 19th century. Europe wanted African land for power, wealth, and control. The Royal Niger Company was significant in that it helped Britain gain control of many African countries. The competition between European countries drove this scramble for Africa and affected the world for generations to come.

Scientific Taxonomy and Earths Biodiversity Paper Essay

Scientific Taxonomy and Earths Biodiversity Paper - Essay Example Bees produce honey from the nectar that they collect from flowers, which they store and return to the hive. Monarch butterfly (Danaus plexippus): A North American butterfly which has also been found in both New Zealand and Australia. It has a wingspan of between three and four inches and has a distinct pattern of orange and black on its wings. Rufous Hummingbird (Selasphorus rufus): A species of hummingbird that is present throughout North America, it is small around three inches in length and has a straight bill. Like other species of hummingbird, the birds hover as they collect nectar from flowers a unique feature among birds. Melon Sea Urchin (Echinus melo): Small, globular marine animals that are covered in spines, growing up to seven inches in diameter. They feed on algae and are predated upon by other marine animals such as sea otters and eels. Ochre Sea Star (Pisaster ochraceus): A purple starfish that has become widely known in scientific literature because of its proposed role as a keystone species . It is common in the Pacific Ocean and has five rays, which range from four to ten inches in length. The kingdom Animalia is one of six kingdoms of life that include every living organism. It is part of an overall classification system that defines life in terms of evolutionary history. Organisms that fall into the animal kingdom share the characteristics of having eukaryotic cells which contain discrete organelles, and the animals are multi-cellular and do not have a cell wall. In general most animals, and all listed here, are able to move and require organic material in order to survive. Most use sperm and egg cells in order to reproduce . The cheetah is a feline (family Felidae), while the red fox is canine (family Canidae). The red fox is a common species, and is considered a threat to many native species, while the cheetah

Borrowed Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Borrowed Theories - Essay Example According to McEwen and Wills (2014), these borrowed theories focus on interaction of people and the society because such interactions have an effect on the well-being and health of people. Borrowed nursing theories have assisted in offering a basis for nursing research and nursing practice. An example of a borrowed theory that has been used to guide research and practice in nursing is Wilbur’s integrated theory that offers a quadrant model that is applied in nursing leadership (Reams, 2005). In essence, such a theory like this assists in distinguishing what forms the basis of practice (McEwen & Wills, 2014). Notably, borrowed theories assist in attaining better patient care and patient satisfaction. For instance, Wilbur’s integrated theory assists nurse leaders apprehend the linkage between leaders and decisions made in an organization and its effect on nurse workers and the patients (Reams, 2005). Reams, J. (2005). What’s integral about leadership?A reflection on leadership and integral theory. Retrieved from

The role of channel marketing in the B2B global marketing challenge Research Paper

The role of channel marketing in the B2B global marketing challenge - Research Paper Example The technological advancement in Europe is believed to be the core reason for massive outsourcing in oil and gas sector of the world. Nevertheless, the outsourcers and channel marketers have more brand value than the mere producers of crude oil. The importance of channel marketers are significantly growing because consumers on the street know the companies that deal in oil and gas products locally. The actual producers of oil and gas do not have sufficient resources that are needed to purify, market and distribute products at an international level. The channel marketers therefore, come into the play. But, in the era of the 21st century, the role of channel marketers is not limited to promotion. They have to purify the crude oil and gas in order to make them consumable (Silvestrea & Dalcol, 2009). Additionally, channel marketers rely on companies like Lumin-Ultra to acquire technologies that are necessary for purification of crude oil based products (Valentini, Montagut, Neslin, & Frey, 2011). Recently, the company has developed a method of on the spot measurement of microorganisms in crude oil and after measurement, the company assists in devising the treatment that will neutralize the impurities and thus more pure crude products can be obtained in this fashion. The featured technology made it easy for producers to find biological agents and get rid of them more effectively and efficiently. The abovementioned process helped the operators in minimizing the time needed to purify the products. The Lumin-Ultra’s major operations are sponsored by channel marketers that are responsible for commercializing the final oil products in the international market. The channel marketers are also found to have more brand reach and recognition in the global consumer market. The actual producers of crude oil do not have necessary technological and financial power required to reach and establish a brand name in global market

A Comparative Essay Of The Poems ‘Salome’ (C.A.Duffy) and ‘The Arrival Of The Bee Box’ (S.Plath) Essay Example for Free

A Comparative Essay Of The Poems ‘Salome’ (C.A.Duffy) and ‘The Arrival Of The Bee Box’ (S.Plath) Essay ‘Salome’ by Carol Ann Duffy and ‘The Arrival Of The Bee Box’ by Sylvia Plath have many similarities and differences. ‘Salome’ is ostensibly a poem about an individual, most likely a woman, who wakes up and finds ‘a head on the pillow’ beside them. The poem continues to detail their immediate actions and finally reveals that this head is in fact ‘on a platter’. ‘The Arrival Of The Bee Box’ appears on the surface to describe the empowerment felt by an individual as they explore their control over a box of bees. An interesting similarity is both poets are female. C. A. Duffy was born in Glasgow in 1995 and is the eldest of five children. Plath was born in 1932 and was born in Boston. If you read the poems from a biographical perspective it is possible to identify certain factors which the poet has included due to their personal circumstances. Personally, I believe that both C. A. Duffy and S. Plath have points to make. For example, Duffy’s poem could be seen to have many links to the role of woman in society and the power they possess over their male counterparts. This mental attitude, which has filtered through into her poetry, could stem from the fact she is the first women and the first openly gay person to hold the position of Britain’s poet laureate. Similarly, ‘The Arrival Of The Bee Box’ contains subversive ideas of power and possibly connotations to women taking an untraditional role in society. In ‘Salome’ the pace, tone, rhythm and structure are all fractured. This is very effective as it reflects the psychological standing of the voice in the poem. The effect is created through the techniques of enjambment and rhetorical questions and these can be observed in the fifth line â€Å"what did it matter? . The line is isolated and this draws the reader’s attention to it. Alongside this the rhetorical question then compels the reader to think â€Å"what did it matter? †. This emphasises the point to the reader that it does matter and is very important in the given context of the poem. By contrast, ‘The Arrival Of The Bee Box’ is made from six uniform stanzas of five lines. There is little by way of caesura and it therefore differs greatly, in terms of structure at least, from ‘Salome’. Personally, I believe this is because the speaker is portrayed as being more collected and comfortable with the received power, relative to the voice in ‘Salome’. The second line is an excellent example; â€Å"Square as a chair and almost too heavy to lift. † The rhyme of ‘square’ and ‘chair’ gives a positive sound and in turn this can be seen to signify control and enjoyment of power. The above evidence suggests that C. A. Duffy and S. Plath both have different ideas on which way structurally is best to communicate their ideas. However, I believe the free structure of ‘Salome’ adds more than the rigid structure of ‘The Arrival of The Bee Box’ as it generates an extra dimension in which readers can have more freedom to interpret the desired meaning of the poem themselves. Integral to both poems is the theme of power and the relation it has with the owner, especially women. The similarity and hegemony is this attack on the stereotypical views that if allowed to stand could drive woman to the periphery of society. In ‘Salome’ the voice is somewhat of a ‘player’ and it is this scopophilic attitude which generates Duffy’s point. In a modern society it is often seen as ‘cool’ or ‘macho’ for a male to sleep with many women. By contrast, if females replicate these actions then they stand a high chance of being bombarded with derogatory terms. It would appear that S. Plath would chose to focus more on the interest of power. She refers to different times in history (Greek, Slave Trade, Roman). This sets quite a theatrical atmosphere because referring to these superpowers through the ages helps the reader to appreciate the importance of power in our society both in the past, present and future. It highlights the fact that in Duffy’s opinion (and I agree) that it is embedded in humans to seek out power and control others. Overall, both poets have similar themes in their poems but chose to express them in different ways. A similarity between both poems is that they make allusions to either religious names or different parts of the Bible. C. A. Duffy in ‘Salome’ chooses to use iconic Christian names such as John and Peter. Whereas S. Plath uses the concept of a heaven; â€Å"There is the laburnum, its blond colonnades, And the petticoats of the cherry. † The description of this utopian setting could be linked to the feelings felt by the voice in ‘Salome’ when she/it says ‘I saw my eyes glitter†¦and ain’t life a bitch’. The voice sounds as though it is satisfied, justice has been done and it has reached a metaphorical destination. This destination, in my opinion, is that the voice feels like they have somehow reached equality by committing this grotesque act. A large influence in terms of language in both poems is the personal pronoun ‘I’. This similarity is most likely due to the recurring them of power in each poem. The narrators are trying to express that they are the ones in charge. The language in both poems is very simplistic but the words can be used in quite complex ways. Both poets have chosen not to overcomplicate their language and I think they have made their poems very accessible to all people. Colours are used in both poems for different effects. In ‘Salome’ the ‘red sheets’ could signify the anger felt by the voice for the injustices that have driven them to undertake the atrocity. In ‘The Arrival Of The Bee Box’ ‘the petticoats of the cherry’ and the ‘blond colonnades’ are used as the colours of the heaven. The use of colours is different in each poem but both work well. In conclusion, I feel that Carol Ann Duffy and Sylvia Plath are both very successful in presenting their ideas in the two poems. The poems are left open to interpretation and depending on the type of reading you undertake (colonial, biographical, etc) they can mean different things to different people. However, I personally feel that ‘Salome’ is more interesting and mesmerising to the reader. This is most likely due to the fact I found ‘The Arrival Of The Bee Box’ too abstract for me and I found it difficult to grasp. I think the poems have opened my eyes not only to the inequalities felt by certain groups of society but also to the disparities across the globe in general.

Cameron Crowes Film Jerry Maguire Essay examples -- Crowe Movie Film

Cameron Crowe's Film Jerry Maguire In his movie Jerry Maguire, director Cameron Crowe illustrates how failures and successes are all part of life and if you have love and are happy with your life then you will surely succeed. It is part of life to experience failure which propels one forward to take risks and make changes to find the answers on how to succeed in lives little games. Jerry Maguire is an inspiring movie based on this theme, demonstrating success and failure with business endeavors, love relationships, friendships and self realization. Relationships between characters in this movie were numerous and were very intense. The relationship between Jerry and Rod Tidwell was initially one of strong control exhibited by Tidwell when he asks Jerry to yell â€Å"show me the money!† and when he refuses to complete the camel car commercial. This in turn adds to Tidwells failure with company endorsements and extra cash. Jerry also tries to exhibit control over Tidwell because he expects him to act in a certain way which he doesn’t always do. Jerry proves this when he tells Tidwell the truth about his arrogant actions towards society and the team. Jerry knows it is in Tidwells best interest to tone down his arrogance in order to succeed which he does. In the end both men come to realize their faults and change their behavior which results in the success of Tidwells career. The other relationship that drive...

Customer Management: Nefab Company

Introduction Customer management has been an integral part of business processes since the early days of business, even before money was introduced. Development of products and services aimed at meeting the needs of the customer is what determines the effectiveness of the customer retention and loyalty strategies (Rao & Perry, 2002). This paper analyses the operational methods and strategies adopted by Nefab Packaging Company- UK in providing products and services and their effectiveness in terms of customer satisfaction Background informationThe main business area for Nefab Company is packaging. It is an international company with global coverage. Its headquarters is in Sweden, but it has numerous subsidiaries in Europe and America including the UK (Nefab Group, 2013) where I happen to be one of the employees. Most of its operations involve working closely with other businesses around the globe with the intent of providing them with the best quality packaging solution for their products. Nefab C ompany has close to 20 major customers around the world with numerous other small customers distributed all over Europe. The company handles its customers using two approaches; its large global customers are all handled by the central management of the organisation while the other small to medium sized customers are handled at the company’s local offices in the respective countries (Nefab Group, 2013). To enhance its competitiveness and sustainability as a global packaging company, it has recently introduced customer relationship management department (Nefab program Manager, 2012). This department operates under the human resource department and is responsible for development and implementation of systems aimed at ensuring the levels of customer satisfaction are high in the company. Some of the main functions of this department are (Nefab program Manager, 2012): Developing and focusing sight on the customers Pay attention to customer lifetime value Develop management support for a customer focussed strategies Developing effective value for data collected from the customer Developing an understanding of the levels of management involvement in customer management Developing flexible business processes to support a wide range of customer needs Advising the IT department on what to develop as an approach of enhancing customer satisfaction The current customer relationship management system operates based on Microsoft’s CRM system. It is currently implemented in most divisions of the company (Nefab program Manager, 2012). Currently, the company is working towards increasing the levels of integration of those services into the business function and ensuring that all the guidelines and strategies are used efficiently to realize maximum benefit from the new department in the organisation (Nefab Group, 2013). The Company’s Customers This company works in the business to business sector and therefore all its customers are businesses seeking for packaging services. The main struggle for the company is to develop long-term relationships with other businesses globally. The fact that the company has very small customers, it is very important for the company to maximise on customer satisfaction as it cannot afford to lose any customer and must struggle to attract more in the global market. The major customers for this company are companies in six global industrial segments: Vehicles, Aerospace, Healthcare equipment Industry, Energy, and Telecom among many other industries. The things that our customers are seeking are packaging products that are reusable and at the same time easily expendable. The packaging should also be designed in such a way that the quality of the products is not affected during transport. Moreover, the current levels of environmental sensitivity by many companies have resulted to companies seeking packaging that are as green as possible and have minimal harm to the environment. Furthermore, the customers require packaging that is optimal in terms of weight to minimize the cost of transportation of the product. These are the main areas that customer relationship management department is focussed on in this organisation. This company has developed an approach that ensures all its customers are well known. The system is based on customer segmentation in terms of products they buy from the company. The segmentation is also done based on regions. This is important since the company has subsidiaries distributed all over the world. The process of product development is done through consideration of the specifications of each customer. This is mainly achieved by developing products based on customers’ instructions and directions. The application of customer segmentation allows this company to meet the needs of almost all its customers.Customer ObjectivesThe development of this department will be central in promoting a sense of security, a feeling of being in control and trust among customers. The main reasons behind the development of the customer relationship management department in this organisation were to (Nefab program Manager, 2012): Enhance customer lifetime value; Develop the best strategic information and communication; Develop customer retention strategies; Enhance the levels of customer satisfaction . This company developed this department as a central participant in the process of expanding and maintaining market share successfully. Particularly, retention of customers can be achieved through learning relevant information, such as expectations, preferences, habits, and names about customers (Nefab program Manager, 2012). This department is expected to develop a one-on-one relationship with customers as an approach of ensuring that they come back frequently developing close association between the company and its customers. Furthermore, the department is also expected to increase the level of IT integration into customer management, resulting in high levels of intimacy between customers and the company. The high levels of using IT allow the organisation to a variety of employees in managing customer relationship removing the barrier associated with personalised attention of the customer (Nefab program Manager, 2012). This will result to sustained organisational performance and hence profitability even if certain employees are no longer working with the organisation. Therefore, there are three main customer-related objectives in this initiative; customer retention, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty (Nefab program Manager, 2012). The introduction of customer relations management department is expected to enhance the level of customer loyalty. By making this company more knowledgeable about its current customers as well as prospective customers will ensure the services offered to them are offered in the best manner available to satisfy the customer positively impacting on the levels of customer loyalty. A similar case is expected in customer satisfaction. Developing a positive experience between this company and the customer has been seen as the main approach towards ensuring the customer is highly satisfied. This department is also focused on ensuring the job done by the company is the best. This will ultimately result to high level of customer retention. For instance, this company has been suffering from numerous instances of confusion and misconceptions especially when employees are unable to tell what has been delivered to a specific customer and what needs to be delivered and when. This has portrayed the company as unresponsive to its customers. This has dealt the company a major blow in the process as it negatively affected customer satisfaction levels. These three objectives are related to one another. For instance, a customer who has a constant repeat purchase is said to be loyal while at the same time, a customer can only be loyal if the products and services are satisfactory. Business Related Objectives This department is focused on not only fulfilling customer related objectives, but also business objectives. In terms of business, objectives are collection and analysis of data to increase the understanding levels of customer. This is important in ensuring the organisation meets the needs of the customer and is in a position to provide current and future customer needs. This is also essential in developing future forecasts for production and sales prospects. The development of process automation is also another important objective of this department. It is necessary for the enhancement of efficiency and ultimately profitability of this organisation. Most investigations agree that the most important objective of customer relation management at organisational level is to gather information. Xu & Walton (2005) clearly explain the main reason for collection of information by an organisation as being to enable the organisation understand its customers, to meet the needs of the customers and also develop effective strategies to meet the company’s future prospects. Customer Relationship Management Strategies There various theories that try to explain the strategies used on customer relationship management. The most common ones analyse customer touch points, front office, back office, and warehousing. To be able to analyse the approach adopted by this company in managing its customers, it is necessary to review this parts. WarehousingThis is the area in organisational processes that has numerous literatures regarding the implementation of customer relation management (CRM). Specifically, Bose has developed a very complex model that analyses all the necessary steps in the process of implementing CRM. This model is simplified by a list developed by David (1999). Thus, David’s list is comprehensive enough to provide guidance of the process of implementing CRM. Another implementation plan that is not as complex as Bose’s was developed by Chase (2004). The most important aspect of this plan is the detailed explanation of the integration levels. Back OfficeThese are functions in a n organisation that the customer cannot view directly (Chen & Popovich, 2003). Many authors put more emphasis on the importance of an organisation using the CRM in determining the value of its individual customers. When analysing customer value, Zikmund provides a detailed review of various theories that analyse this issue. Moreover, Xu and Walton (2005) have developed a very distinct approach to classification of customers based on profit cost matrix. Another important tool that is essential in analysing customer classification is the Identify Differentiate Interact Customize (IDIC) tool (Zikmund et al., 2003). This tool is known to provide detailed information on approaches of customer differentiation and product customisation. According to Zikmund and his colleagues (2003), customisation of the various stages in product development is essential in ensuring the products meet the specific requirements of the customers. Nefab achieves product customisation through the selection of materials and concepts for product development based on the specific customer requirements. This results to production of products that are customised for an individual customer. This is driven by Nefab’s objective that aims to replace its customers packaging departments which requires complete customisation (Nefab program Manager, 2012) Another important tool that is effective on providing insights into the process to customers in terms of areas that data can be gathered from is the analytical model by Xu and Walton (2005). It is essential in developing background on the information that should be looked for. This allows a company to develop usable data from the customers especially for development of the customer based strategies. Nefab has an effective tool for data collection that is based on direct interaction with its customers on a regular basis (Nefab program Manager, 2012). Information is collected on their products on issues, such as the level of customer satisfaction and production requirement of the customer. The company also gathers information on their competitors especially on their prices and the approach to business of their competitors. More so, a better explanation on the uses of customer knowledge is provided by Zineldin (2006). A combination of theories by Xu & Walton and Zineldin is used in the process of seeking information and developing effective use of the information. In a study by Wilson (2006), it was evident that it is very important to analyse the value of a customer in the process of developing long term relationship with the customer. Zikmund et al. (2003) identifies the important values of customer lifetime as the period the customer is expected to last, cost of capital, retention rate, and profit margin. This is the area that Nefab is still struggling with. Its approach is focussed on determining the profitability of each customer based on the contribution margin. However, the company has completely separated loyalty and retention from the approach adopted for determining the profitability of its customers (Nefab program Manager, 2012). According to this company, it is hard to develop a measure for profitability that is not based on income per product is uncertain and hence not realistic (Nefab program Manager, 2012). Thus, according to this company, the process of predicting future customer loyalty is impossible. The company depends on its employees to manage its customers in that the salesperson handles any conflicts or complaints from customers to ensure that they are preserved as customers of the company. In terms of relationships, Peppers & Rogers (2001) suggested that the main objective of CRM is to allow an organisation to manage its customers on an individual basis. This is the area that Nefab is more focussed on. It has established its CRM strategies to ensure that customers are handled at a personal level. This is also coupled with development of personalised relations with its customers. The company strives to ensure that the customer comes back for more products and services. Nefab has established measures that increase the levels of openness between it and its customers. They allow their customers to be partners in the business (Nefab program Manager, 2012). The company has also established a variety of departments involved in management of sales including technicians, design teams and accounts manager. This is necessary to ensure each of its major customers is handled differently by the company. This is sometimes challenging to the organisation in terms of coordinating the numerous departments in the organisation. Front officeThese are firm’s functions that directly interact with the customer (Chen & Popovich, 2003). The IDIC model is also an effective tool for providing a description of the functions of the front office as per CRM (Peppers & Rogers, 2001). The primary role of the front office is to collect information from the customer in an easy was as possible (Peppers & Rogers, 2001). Nefab has tried to develop an effective front office by minimising the number of departments at the front office level (Nefab program Manager, 2012). The company has a centralised workloads and information for its large customers with global coverage. The local branches handle the other smaller customers. This allows the company to store information about all its major customers in a centralised place (Nefab program Manager, 2012). Rao and Perry (2002) explain the importance of digitizing employee knowledge. Another important contribution to this part is the Greenberg (2004), analysis of culture and its importance in the process of implementing CRM as a strategy within an organisation. His analysis is comprehensive and very central in the development of CRM strategies that meet the requirements of a specific organisation. A study by Curry and Kkolou (2004) found out that customer life cycle is very important for an organisation. They further assert that it should be handled while providing detailed information about each and every stage that the company’s customers go through. The common stages identified were targeting, translation, delivery, dissatisfaction management, and winning back lost customers (Curry & Kkolou, 2004). These are the areas that this Nefab Company is struggling with. Its customer’s life cycle is initiated when they visit a customer’s firm as most of my colleagues described. This is then followed by sending of samples of packaging until the final solution is arrived at (Nefab program Manager, 2012). Once the customer has approved the design of packaging, the company delivers that packaging to the customer until when the production of a specific product comes to a stop. During this time, the company expects the customer to approach them again for a new packaging plan. The company completely lacks customer win-back and dissatisfaction management stages in the customer lifecycle. Another important area in the front office, organisational culture is analysed by Greenberg (2004). He asserts that the culture of the organisation must be changed such that it aligns with the objectives of the organisation’s CRM initiative. Thus, the success of an organisation’s CRM depends on the levels to which its objectives align with the firm’s culture. This is the area that Nefab has tried to deal with. The company has implemented an intensive training program for the sales persons with specific reference to behaviour and conduct (Nefab program Manager, 2012). The company has also equipped its workforce with computer skills. The company has endowed its employee’s a heavy responsibility especially in decision making. The company also promotes the development of independent culture at its subsidiaries. However, the cultural independence of its subsidiaries is limited as they operate based on a general cultural framework of the company. This has positively impacted the performance of the company as the decision making paths has been shortened. The negative impact of this approach is on development of a centralised decision by the firm since its subsidiaries work very independently. Customer Touch PointsThese are the interactions that exist between an organisation and its customers (Chen & Popovich, 2003). The touch points are well illustrated in the ‘interact’ phase of the IDIC model (Peppers & Rogers, 2001). This model has a detailed overview of all the necessary areas in the touch points that exist at an organisational level. According to Peppers & Rogers, touch points are essential in the process of organising and streamlining the face of an organisation. Nefab Company has in the recent past involved the touch points in the process of organisational streamlining. This has been enhanced by the introduction of the CRM department as an approach to refining its front end with the endeavour to ensure its customers are well served (Nefab program Manager, 2012). The company has also increased the level of using the web as a customer interaction tool. It currently accounts for the most of the company’s customer leads. A theory by Davids (1999) is comprehensive enough in developing approaches for examining how customers interact with an organisation. Furthermore, Peelen (2005) presents possible interaction points in an organisation that is similar to the work by Davids (1999) as well as Peppers & Rogers (2001). These points identified by Peelen are personal sales, telephone, e-mail, websites, and public media. Nefab Company has tried to develop effectiveness of these channels of interaction. However, the company has limited use of media such as radio and television as it assumes that their customers are less likely to be there for interaction between the company and them (Nefab program Manager, 2012). The major forms through which this company interacts with its customers is through phone calls, email and direct communication. Conclusion and Implications From the analysis, it is evident that the theories analysed by various investigators are applicable at organisational level. It is evident that using CRM in business benefits a business since it offers effective objectives for management of businesses as well as its customers. The most important objectives in this case are customer retention and satisfaction, data organisation, and in-depth understanding of the customer. From analysis of the company, it has been evident that the most important aspect of CRM is the organisation of customer information. The ultimate results of this organisation are high levels of customer satisfaction and retention as witnessed in the organisation. The ability of an organisation to meet customer requests and respond to them in time depends on how organised is the approach to the collection and analysis of customer data. This evidently results to high levels of customer satisfaction. This result because of high levels of efficiency in customer managemen t strategies. From these results, it can be concluded that for an organisation to effectively gather and organise customer information, it requires to develop a customer relation management approaches. This allows an organisation to develop a comprehensive analysis of the customer on an individual basis. This is central to capturing relevant information in an approach that allows availability of the information from all departments in an organisation. Furthermore, the main benefit of CRM is to allow organisations to own and control information about its customers and not specific individuals or departments in an organisation. This is important in limiting the implications of employees exiting from an organisation where customer information is readily available for the replacement recruits as compared to the case where there was no CRM. Moreover, CRM is important in the sense that customer information can readily be pulled and reviewed. This is an essential ingredient in organisational efficiency. In fact, new employees can use the stored information to develop an effective background about the customer. More so, CRM allows an organisation to develop approaches of handling objectives such as customer retention, satisfaction, and loyalty at once as they are assessed in terms of their impact on the organisational efficiency of the firm. Implications of the studyThis investigation analysed how customer relationship management is used in Nefab Company. The analysis focussed on the application of CRM in the organisation with relation to available theories that focus on the consumer market. The analysis reveals that it is important for an organisation to focus on developing strong relations with its customers other than focusing on the consumer market loyalty. Development of customer relation automatically results to high levels of customer loyalty. However, this investigation is limited to information gathered by other investigators in reference to one organisation. Further studies need to be done using more than one organisation. The investigations should collect data using quantitative as well as qualitative methodologies to further enhance the available information on the research issue. Other areas that need to be analysed in future investigations are: Analysis of the effect of company culture on customer relations; Investigate on the approaches to evaluating customer loyalty; Examine how price and customer loyalty interact. References Chase, P., 2004. A success model for CRM integration, and how to avoid the most common mistakes, New Hampshire, USA: Scribe Software Corporation. Chen, I., & Popovich, K., 2003. Understanding Customer Relationship Management: People Process and technology. Bradford, UK: MCB Up Limited. Curry, A. & Kkolou, E., 2004. â€Å"Evaluating CRM Contribution to TQM improvement- across-case comparison† The TQM Magazine, 16(5), 314-324 Davids, M., 1999. â€Å"How to avoid the 10 Biggest Mistakes in CRM† Journal of Business Strategy, 20(6):22-26 Greenberg, P., 2004. CRM at the speed of light, essential CRM strategies for the 21st century. New York, NY: MCGraw Hill/Osborne. Nefab Group, (2013). Nefab’s History. Retrieved from http://www.nefab.com/History.aspx Nefab program Manager, (2012). Nefab Business Plan 2013-2017. Retrieved from http://www.nefab.eu/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/NEFAB-BUSINESS-PLAN-2013-2017-v-11.pdf Peppers, E. & Rogers, S., 2001. â€Å"Maximising ROI from your customer based strategy† Insights report 2001. Rao, S., & Perry, C., 2002. â€Å"Thinking about relationship marketing: where are we now†, Journal of business and industrial marketing, 17(7), 598-614 Wilson, R., 2006. â€Å"Developing new Business strategies in B2B markets by combining CRM concepts and online databases†. Customer Relations,16(1), 38 – 43 Xu, M. Walton, J., 2005. â€Å"Gaining Customer Knowledge through Analytical CRM†. Department of Strategy & Business System, Portsmouth Business School. Portsmouth, UK: University of Portsmouth. Zikmund, W., McLeod R., & Fayge, G., (2003). Customer Relationship Management: Integrating marketing Strategy and Information Technology. New York, NY: Wiley. Zineldin, M., 2006. â€Å"The royalty of loyalty: CRM, Quality and retention† Journal of consumer marketing, 23(7), 430-437.